Reported speech update. Ex.10, p.97.

Hello, everyone.

In answer to our questions about Ex.10, p.97, here's the explanation. I hope you find it useful. 

Read it slowly, with the exercise in front of you.

There are two ways of reporting speech:

1) following the tense change rule; present to past, past to past perfect etc. and,

2) using reporting verbs which require certain verb forms like infinitive or gerund after them - this is the case for your example Q.4.

 We have both forms of reported speech in Q.4, using the reporting verb denied …ing  + the tense change - had not wasted. 

In Q.1 we change direct speech ‘put', (simple past), to reported speech, using the reporting verb accused + of.
So, in Q.1 we have to use the correct verb form to follow accused of so it’s “Sally accused Charlie of putting a frog….” - for the purposes of this exercise. However, if you weren’t required to use ‘of' you could also report it as “Sally said Charlie had put a frog….”